edit: I wouldn't even call it frustum calling since I don't think frustum culling makes much sense in a retained mode API (the frustum culling happens when rendering the retained mode representation through the underlying immediate mode API). 'Level of detail' maybe.
For one of our client, Adya[1], our team at Alaris Prime[2] implemented the very same idea for the web. It is a file manager that displays a huge list of folders/files from multiple clouds (file storage) providers. We needed a fast-loading, smooth UX and way to do it was to move things around as little as possible - only the visible viewport of the user's browser.
We should be writing a case study on it but never got around to doing it.
I don't have any proof handy, but I imagine this was leveraged in areas outside of gaming.
Spreadsheets seem likely to have used this, for example.