1) Deciding whether or not treatment would be helpful.

2) Figuring out what sort of professional would be best: psychologist, therapist, psychiatrist, social worker, etc.

3) Wondering whether your choice of professional will influence the type of outcome you desire. For e.g. a psychiatrist is likely to prescribe meds while other professionals may prefer mindfulness, CBT, talk therapy, etc.

4) "Will they throw me into a mental hospital? I want to lead a normal life, I'm not one of those people!"

5) "Is it covered by insurance? How much will it cost?"

6) "How can I find a good professional? I've heard there are a bunch of shitty ones. I need a good one."

7) "I'm too scared to even pick up the phone. How do I determine availability? Can I schedule this online?"

8) etc, etc, etc.

This is something that needs to be solved with an online questionnaire that spits out an appointment time and location at the end. Telling depressed people to go through the aforementioned steps is like telling someone with a broken leg to just walk to the hospital that's a couple miles away.

To the OP: my suggestion is to Google around, find 3 people who accept your insurance or are affordable out-of-pocket, pick one, and make an appointment. It's 10x more important to make an appt, any appt, and go than it is to worry about finding the best person. You don't have to stick with the first person you see anyway. If you're still overwhelmed, I've found the average PsyD to be better than the average therapist/social worker.

Pick a therapist. Tell them you're shopping, you'd like both a trial session and recommendations for alternatives. If they're not willing to do that, they're not the right person. Most are.

edit: Typo

A few years ago, I had decided on my own that I needed medication; the depression was so overwhelming that I felt like the problem had to be chemical, and no "touchy-feely" talking therapy could possibly help. I went to a few psychiatrists, with varying degrees of success (I caught one reading side effects of a medication off of wikipedia) and stopped going several times because I felt like it wasnt helping. It was only when things got bad that I found a therapist (I think I just googled "therapist <my neighborhood>") -- who I liked -- and she convinced me to just give her way a try. It worked.

I am on medication again, and its helping, but it was really the therapy that I was so against thats making the biggest difference. All of this is to say that find someone you like, and then be open. Deciding how you want to be treated from the outset doesn't necessarily make sense. Mental health issues are like any other illness -- we go to doctors for their advice and expertise. But you need to go.

I'm really not kidding. The range of usefulness of therapists is so large that "any therapist is a good starting point" usually works. It's better when you can ask friends, but if you can't, any therapist will do.

Then go for a brief session with each of them. You should pick the person you feel most comfortable talking to EASILY. This person should be someone you don't feel judged or threatened by. You should be able to understand them clearly and they you.

Think about it like it's a date. In a way, it kinda is.

But outside of "pick one and start there", what would you recommend if somebody can't get a recommendation from friends/family? How do you find a decent practitioner?

Fwiw I’m fortunate that many friends are open with me that they are/have been seeing s professional. So I would go to them for a referral. As one good friend put it, “we get help for our bodies, so why not our minds?”

I've since moved out of the area though and have been trying to find a replacement and its been such a painful experience.

My brother just got some (charitable) funding to develop an app to do exactly this! Very early stages of the project so it's hard to say how well it will go but his hope is to solve exactly the problem you're talking about. (I might be helping to develop the app, depending on scheduling.)

Besides, some schools of therapy would think the expectations of a patient that expects you deliver a 5/5 stars therapy, would taint the natural therapy process.

Google, however, is prohibitive. You end up having to either comb through thousands of individual results to find ones that are nearby and take your insurance, or you end up on an aggregator site with literally thousands (at least in NYC) of matches and the same problem with slightly more structured data.

It's just so daunting to make any decision when faced with too much data and insufficient information on how to use that data, that the depressive brain just kind of shuts down and says "fuck it, I can't deal with this now."

I wish. (I'm imagining a filtering system that either prevents you from seeing providers not on your insurance, or flags them appropriately)

I researched bio's for months before making an appointment. I picked the one person in Vegas that had the experience I was looking for with "Mindfulness Techniques, Neurofeedback, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation"....

Even though that was what he was expert at, he let me know that those services were not what I needed at that point. After getting actual medications to stabilize, I was in a much better position to try the more hippy-esque treatments and go from ok to happy.

So really trust doctors to get you where you need to go... especially if they have good reviews on ZocDoc (Damnit... I'm doing it again).

quackery

> Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

yeah because a treatment that might induce a seizure is just what one needs.

People, do research and be extremely wary of anything hyped.

For me, dance movement therapy worked. It's not trendy, it takes time and effort but -- it was worth it.

https://twitter.com/wendyburn/status/986560081268535296

https://twitter.com/wendyburn/status/986546366590738432

https://twitter.com/wendyburn/status/986538193699901441

In that first tweet she's talking about English NHS Mental Health Trusts.

Here's the guidance from NICE: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg542

NICE don't seem to have anything for "Dance Movement Therapy".

For some patients, a treatment that does exactly induce a seizure (i.e. ECT) is what they need. Of course, because of the risk of harm, it's still reserved as something of a last resort and only for particularly severe cases.

I'm pretty sure rTMS has nowhere near the same risk profile, even in the reported cases where seizure did occur.

> do research and be extremely wary of anything hyped

I would offer the same advice for anything that is hyped against with scare tactics, if not just, more broadly, any proposed medical treatment.

It does a lot of what you suggest. I've started from a position of "so you know you want a psychologist" because otherwise the scope is just overwhelming.

Like people have found, fit is the most difficult thing. I think we can improve this with data. But until someone's figured it out, I recommend always calling a therapist on the phone and talking to them a bit, before committing to a session. The phone is scary, but a bad intro call is much less draining and expensive than a bad session.

We're working on enabling online appointment scheduling for the reasons you say, but getting a uniform booking interface for thousands of individual psychologists turns out to be a huge task.

If people wanted to have a look around we have a test link [1] so the human clinical staff know that you don't need help.

[0] https://mindfit.org.au [1] https://mindfit.org.au/demo

Does anyone actually have any experience with these services, and were they effective?

Even the process of getting up, driving to their office, writing the check, the fact that you have to be on time and have only this one window of time to talk, it all matters because it's a series of tangible steps you're completing for your own self improvement. The computer elides all of this in the name of "convenience"

In my very humble opinion this is the way a bad therapist works.

I've gone to therapy to deal with real problems - attention issues, a bout of anxiety - and having somebody mostly repeat back to me what I said was so, so unhelpful.

> real problems

Do you hear what you just said?

I guess that phone and videochat have the necessary "bandwidth" to convey mental issues. After all, people talk for hours via phone or videochat about their lives and problems. And the availability and convenience these media enable helps address the ancestor comment about the difficulty of seeking treatment.

They are usually students, but I found they were better than the licensed MFCC, and PhDs. The sessions are recorded, and listened to by a licensed therapist.

I believe most medi-cal doctors will prescribe antidepressants. Yes--the medi-Cal system is not great. The drug formulary is workable though. There are some very good medi-cal doctors though. They don't have the much time with the patients, but if you go in with depressive symptoms they will prescribe. A nurse might give you a depression screening. They never worked for myself, but I was told I'm not really depressed. And as my doctor always said, "All my patients are different."

The average medi-cal doctor writes prescriptions for psychotropic drugs daily.

Hang in there. I don't know your age, but the twenties/thirties are a bitch. Just a cluster puck of hormones, expectations, etc.

Don't let this society drive you nuts. The economy is suspose to be blissful. I don't see it. I just see the wealthy getting ahead. I notice so many very unhappy people. We are at a weird time in history?

If I had a do-over, I don't think I would have tried so many anti-depressants. I fell for the advertising. But--but, I'm no Psychiatrist.

Oh yea, too much alcohol can make depressive symptoms worse. I'm not preaching, but I know first hand.

(A bit off topic, but sometimes not having great insurance is not a bad thing in the long run. I have met a few people with good insurance that are vastly overmedicated.)

If you say "I'm struggling with X, what is the right type of provider for me", you'll probably have a productive conversation.

The way I think about it, all you really need to do is:

1) Call someone, anyone, to make an appointment 2) Meet with them, ask lots of questions. There will usually be an intake process that takes a lot of time but will give you some answers as to what kind of issues you want to work on. 3) Start talking to someone regularly. If you don't feel like it's worth it after a while, consider finding a different therapist. For me, just having someone, anyone, to talk to things about felt great right away, even if it didn't "fix" anything.

Since you're in a big city with lots of options, try to find somewhere that is convenient for you to get to every week (near work or home) and just make the call. I would recommend just starting with a therapist at first, and if you think you want to pursue medication, you can ask them for a recommendation for someone to prescribe you medication.

If you end up doing therapy and don't feel like it's working with that professional after a few sessions, they should be able to refer you to other psych* or therapists. In this case there's no hard feelings, most psych professionals will be the first to tell you that not all patients will click with all therapists.

I'm sure similar services exist in other cities.

https://therapyreferral.org/

The market rate for a therapist these days is something like $250/hour here in the bay area. Many insurance plans will reimburse if you submit an invoice from a therapist. The reimbursement rates vary greatly, sometimes zero, sometimes 50%, sometimes 80%, etc.

So all that to say that it's a super shitty system where you can't know ahead of time how expensive therapy will end up being for you, and the therapists themselves typically also don't know ahead of time (although they can certainly have a sense of which insurance companies typically reimburse at different rates).

Source: my wife is a psychologist in SF who doesn't directly accept insurance but the majority of her patients receive some level of insurance reimbursement.

I've worked as an emergency medicine doctor in the UK and the US, and in the US at least, I tend to recommend that patients with less severe symptoms start with a therapist (i.e. NOT someone who can prescribe meds). If the therapist really thinks a patient needs meds, they can arrange a referral to a psychiatrist, but I feel like psychiatrists underemphasize the therapeutic values of actually talking to patients and overemphasize meds.

Now the meds are absolutely required for some people with more severe conditions, and can help those patients a lot, but for the majority of people who have less severe illness, I think they can do more harm than good. Either way, a therapist can tell if someone does need meds and make the referral if needed, but the extra level of indirection is helpful, I believe, in preventing over-medication.

First, if your general practitioner doesn’t have even one suggestion at all, I’d suggest thinking about a new general practitioner. This is quite like saying “my leg has fallen off can you put it back on?” And your doctor saying “well I can’t and I don’t really know anyone who can. Have you tried google?” If that sounds absurd, it’s because it is. Mental health is important.

Second, if you love your GP, try asking around other people you know. Ask on Facebook or twitter or LinkedIn for your friends recommendations. Don’t be embarrassed. Mental health is important.

If you are a member of a religious or social organization, ask the leaders of that. Almost invariably religious leaders have good recommendations. They talk to a lot of people and often have a good understanding of mental health issues and who can solve them.

You can also ask your insurance. Insurance companies often have a referral service. It won’t be as personalized but it will have some help.

Now once you hit up all these groups then make a list of 5-10 therapists and call them. Have a few minutes phone conversation. See what they are like. Then make an appointment.

Whatever you do, please don’t give up on finding someone. It will help. It’s a good thing.

Taking an analogy you made, if my leg fell off, there are quite literally thousands (or tens of thousands, or hundreds of thousands) of places in the US that could legitimately help you.

The mental healthcare landscape is more like "there are thousands, but only a few you mesh with after expending a lot of effort to find them can probably, maybe help". Wtf.

Of course, finding a GP at all was another overwhelming task that my depressed self put off for.... what, 10 years?

As for narrowing down therapists, take that list of ones that accept your insurance and cull the list of therapists and offices with poor reviews.

I would have a list of a few therapists that meet your criteria (located close, covered by insurance, etc). If you don’t feel like you click with the first therapist you see, visit another one. It’s important that you feel comfortable with your therapist, and don’t give up your hunt after one bad appointment or match.

Unfortunately you may need to just try a few and see who you click with. It's not uncommon to do a preliminary session with one and either they decide to refer you to someone else (based on your situation) or you just don't like them. This is why it's hard to go by reviews from other patients.

Finding a good therapist is really a bit of trial and error. Put yourself out there. See someone and do a gut-check. A therapist should work to establish a trust relationship and you should feel listened to. If they make you uncomfortable or you think they will never be someone you can open up to, it's probably not the right fit.

Full disclosure: I work at a company called Ginger.io[1] that provides 24x7 coach chat support and video therapy/psych sessions using a smartphone app. We work with employers to provide services for their employees as a perk. Some of our employer clients fully cover the cost of psychology and therapy, and for others insurance covers our cost.

We make the set up process a bit more straightforward. We match you with a care team, and make it easy to change it up if it's not the right fit.

1. https://ginger.io/

It's easier to talk yourself out of skipping an appointment when the trip there isn't intimidating on its own.

There are a few advantages to talking to a licensed psychotherapist (clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, etc): 1) they are bound by therapist-client privilege; 2) in order to have gained licensure, they had to go through a training process where they built a network of other professionals, not just their own inbred type, but pharmacists, physicians, etc; 3) because they're licensed they want to protect their license, so they will have a low threshold to refer you to a colleague if they believe you need more than they can provide.

Note, absolutely none of that has to do with their skills, their belief system, or anything else. It's strictly to do with the rules that apply to that piece of talking meat.

Given that talking with any piece of meat is better than not, I'd encourage you to talk with a piece of meat that is subject to some social rules that strongly encourage them to make sure you get the best care.

(1) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2734449/

Also, you don't have to limit yourself to providers that accept your insurance, as many do not. My therapist didn't, and she only worked on a cash basis. I manually submitted claims to my insurance for out of network therapy services, and was reimbursed later. Some insurance plans have an out of pocket maximum for that applies to all expenses, both in network and out of network. If that is the case, and your out of pocket maximum is $5K, then everything above that is "free"!

For me, therapy was the best $10K I ever spent in my life. It changed everything, but I had to work my ass off to make those changes. I hope you find success on your journey for more awesomeness in your life.

BTW, exercise helps a lot :)

I also wish the psychtoday and healthgrades and others would actually call the places listed in their pages, maybe an hour before closing listed hours, and leave a message asking to be called back instructing them that leaving a message or text is okay.

In my recent experience using some of the methods suggested by others here to find help for a friend in this growing city, not 1 of the twenty or so places that I called answered the phone or returned a voicemail.

Maybe they are overwhelmed and not accepting new patients, maybe they heard the willing to pay cash no insurance and decided not to return a call - but this kind of data I think is more important for this kind of a directory than say a listing of car repair shops.

Reading many of the comments here, I think it's fair to say that it's not as easy as it should be in many places to get help.

I read an article recently saying some places may be coming out with a new type of practitioner class that doesn't take the decade to get license and that may provide more help in the future, but it also seems that more help will be needed.

Some other tips for mental well-being:

Meditate. See if you have a meditation center in your area, or meditate on your own. Shamatha meditation teaches you to make friends with your own mind.

Learn to recognize thinking traps. The Mood Notes app can be helpful with this.

http://moodnotes.thriveport.com/

Thinking traps lead us down the path to negative emotions.

https://www.anxietybc.com/sites/default/files/ThinkingTraps....

The Mood Notes app will ask you how you are feeling, why you think you may be feeling that way, and whether any thinking traps may apply to that situation. Finally, it will ask whether you feel any better after having reflected. You could do the same thing without the app, but the app helps to formalize the process.

Reduce phone, computer, and television usage as much as you can.

Slow down. Go for walks. Put less pressure on yourself. Tell yourself that you are OK, and everything will be OK. Breathe.

Good luck!

It's basically training your mind to just be present, without having to form judgements all the time.

If you feel like giving it a try, here is a decent how-to.

https://www.wikihow.com/Formally-Sit-in-Shamatha-Meditation

It's a good antidote for today's phone and interrupt-based culture.

My frustration led me to talk to 200+ clients and therapists to learn more about how this should work. I ultimately started a company to solve this exact issue using my research (www.joinreflect.com).

Lots of great comments already, so I’ll just add a few things I learned if helpful:

1. According to the research, the biggest predictor of success in therapy is fit (who you “click” with). There’s no right therapist for everyone. I suggest first thinking about why you’re looking and what style of work you might be interested in (e.g., do you want to talk through issues or find a solution/change behavior?)

2. Definitely review profiles/websites and see what the specific clinician has experience with

3. Orientation is a helpful filter to predict style, but it’s not nearly as rigid as you may think. In reality, many therapists say they’re “client centered” and can flow between orientations (e.g., CBT vs. psychodynamic). Some specialities are more evidence-based than others (in academic setting), but again, fit is most important

4. There’s little practical difference between degree type if you’re looking for talk therapy (MDs can prescribe medicine, doctorate level can do assessments, associates are under supervision of a licensed clinician)

5. Many therapists offer free 15 min calls to try, so def take advantage of those (2-3 usually works if you have a targeted list). In the calls, ask specifically how the therapist might work with you to treat the issue(s) and see if the style matches what you feel comfortable with. Note, you might have to call a bunch to even get 2-3 on the phone, especially if you want to use insurance as many providers are full

Figuring out #1 can be hard. I started reflect (www.joinreflect.com) to use my research to help others. reflect is live in the Bay Area, so check us out if you’re here. We match you with therapists well suited to your needs based on an algorithm I developed, and you can try each for free. 90% of those who do find a therapist they like, and we have the largest self-pay network of therapists in the Bay Area with ~300 clinicians and growing. In-person sessions are $95, and you can use out-of-network insurance and HSA/FSA.

Even if you’re not in the Bay, feel free to email hello@joinreflect.com. I’m the founder, so either I or someone on my team will get back to you ASAP. We’d love to help any way we can. Good luck!

Do we have to assume you're from the USA?

Cause it is going to differ per country.

In The Netherlands it goes like this.

1) You look up your health insurance to check how you're insured. (Ideally, you try to extra insure at end of year for whatever you think is necessary but it is almost always never a net profit, or extremely small.)

2) Then you call up your doctor for an appointment. If you think your discussion with your doctor requires extra time, tell that to the assistant.

3) You go visit your doctor and explain the problem(s) you have. He/she'll likely give you a reference for a psychologist/psychiatrist (latter if you are interested in using drugs such as anti depressants). This reference is important for insurance reasons.

This is where the advice from me actually ends since I'm not your doctor! You have found a mental health professional. From there, you can work out which treatment you want, or get directed towards more/other professionals (I gave some examples). One last piece of advice. Avoid all the paranormal BS. Stick with conventional science (mindfulness is conventional science, btw).

Doesn't have to be a close friend, just someone responsible. Perhaps try a parent with grown children - they would understand responsibility and have time for you.

--Example 2: My doctor made a recommendation I diagnosed myself with clinical depression (I took a quiz in Good Housekeeping but I had know for 20+ years that something was wrong with me) and went to see my GP. In the appt with my GP, I disclosed I had been molested and he recommended I see this woman (I have no idea what her degree was, it didn't matter then). He warned me she was a little touchy feely (not in that way!) but told me to stick with her for a few sessions. The doctor was right. My therapist was wonderful and got me through one helluva hard time.

--Example 3: My new NP made a suggestion I'm not in the mood for therapy therapy so talked with my NP and she suggested a local clinic type of thing. She described what it's like, told me she visited several times, and has referred other patients there. All are getting something out of it.

I've done pretty well getting recommendations/suggestions save for the crazy b in Alexandria, VA. As a networker, I feel confident I could find someone by asking around. BUT ONLY if I were not in crisis mode. If I need an emergency sort of thing, my plan is to call my NP (I have her mobile) and her tell me where to go when.

I do agree with the too many options comments. I have thought about just checking myself in somewhere. THAT is a challenge. Is A better than B? Etc.

Disclosure: I am affiliated.

After that it's trial and error. The process almost mimics anti-depressant medication. If you don't feel comfortable with the one you've got, move on to another. That comfort factor is purely qualitative and you can only find the therapist that works for you after wading through a few that don't.

I haven't found mine yet but good luck to you in finding the help you're seeking.. Also, feel free to reach out to me if you want to talk and need a sympathetic ear.

The world is a depressing place, if you view it through the lens presented by the news media. Maybe ditch all that noise, and see if you're happier.

I don't like the idea of being uninformed any more than anyone else does. But this truly, truly helped me, and I say it on the off chance that it might help one of you.

For me the key to having success with therapy is to do your due diligence with respect to cost and personal fit ahead of time. At some point in my previous attempts at therapy it became work, and because of fit and/or cost issues with my therapist it was easy to convince myself to not go.

I’ve had a lot of success with my most recent attempt. Assuming you are in the US be warned that the mental health system is awful and finding a therapist is going to take some work.

0) Figure out what kind of treatment you are seeking. Talk therapy is a good place to start IMO if what you’re experiencing isn’t unbearable and not very longstanding.

1) Start with your insurance. This greatly limits your options because mental health caregivers get paid less when accepting insurance than with patients paying out of pocket, but it makes treatment very affordable to you.

2) Find a professional with an office you can easily get to during the week. This is another cost dimension and you want to make it as easy as possible for yourself to stick with it.

3) If you found someone that seems promising, ask for a short call to introduce yourself and get pick the caregiver’s brain on their approach to treatment. Make sure it’s something you can buy into and feel good about. Think about goals, preferences w/r/t medication, etc.

4) Be patient. It’s going to take time and work.

Good luck!

I went this route and despite having decent insurance, every place that took it was a 3-6 month wait for new patients. This is very disheartening to someone who wants to get better but can't even imagine what 3-6 months down the line looks like (have I killed myself yet? did I skip town? etc.)

(This was a past experience, I'm no longer depressed)

Disclaimer: no personal connection, but have heard very good things from friends.

Depression can take away your ability to complete any of the above steps... I know because I didn't get help for years because of the (minor, but thanks to depression, major) hurdle of finding a suitable provider through my work benefits.

Therapy works, y'all.

First, I recommend a neutral therapist, i.e. one that's not affiliated with a church or religion. I would also recommend getting one that's licensed, or working under the supervision of a licensed psychologist.

Then they are basically going to fall into two categories: Cognitive Behavioral, and Psychodynamic.

Cognitive Behavioral seeks to change your thinking patterns through conscious awareness and behavior modification. Usually there is a limit, say 6-10 sessions with a series of goals to be met.

Psychodynamic seeks to help by helping you to overcome the emotions you may be repressing or unable to deal with. This can be two or three sessions, say or longer (months).

A psychiatrist may do either, and then may add a drug regimen to help you balance your emotions.

All are popular, all work for different people.

Also pretty much all of them will be willing to meet with you to see if you click and answer any questions, though some may not be able take on new clients.

Edited to add:

Also, one thing my shrink friend complains about are "corporate" mental health centers who declare the patient healed when their insurance runs out.

Navigating the mental health care system in this country is difficult. From what you've described, here's what I would do:

- Start with an in-network therapist. My personal bias is to look for someone with a PhD in clinical psychology, but the important thing is to get started. Talk with your therapist about medication. They are trained to do this and to get you do an MD (psychiatrist) if you agree it makes sense. They will take it from there. Managing meds is basically what they do. (There are psychiatrists who also do talk therapy. If they are good at both, it won't be cheap).

- Do not feel at all obligated to stick with your first provider. This part is hard, due to the awkwardness of firing your therapist. Therapy takes time, but it may be clear after a couple of sessions that you are, e.g., with someone who won't talk about solving practical problems and only wants to talk about your upbringing, or the other way around. If you think it might be a good fit, give it more time, but it's true: you do have to click with your therapist for it to really work, and there is no formula for that.

- If you are not a danger to yourself or anyone else, and you are able to take care of yourself (basic social functioning and providing for yourself), then consider thinking about your care in terms of cost and benefit. If you are having to make excuses to duck out of work, that's stressing you out, and the therapy isn't helping, that's a bad c/b. If it's costing you an arm and a leg, your mind is more important, but that's still a bad c/b.

If you are isolated and in constant pain, strongly consider staying in some sort of care as a safety net, even if you can't find someone with whom you really click.

I don't know what the professional registration requirements are, but you probably want to find someone with a registration, and who has public liability insurance.

After that you'll want someone offering an evidence based therapy. CBT has good evidence, but there are others.

Then it's just who you get on with. You'll spend about an hour a week, for about 10 weeks, with this person, so you want to be able to talk to them and feel that they understand you.

If you can cope with self guided from a book you can get Mind Over Mood. This is sometimes used in some English NHS settings.

https://www.amazon.com/Mind-Over-Mood-Second-Changing/dp/146...

If you can cope with self guided from a computer you can try Mood Gym, a well respected Australian website.

https://www.moodgym.com.au/

Most of the time and for most people the so called mental health issues are only symptoms of chronic health conditions or a bad lifestyle. Digestive issues, auto-immune disorders, hormonal imbalances, vitamin deficiencies, excessive stress/unhappiness, a bad diet and similar conditions are all known to cause "mental health" issues in the mid and long term.

I suggest you to review any other physical conditions you have and definitely see a naturopath/nutritionist or a similar natural health practitioner beside your therapist/psychologist/coach/whatever (if any).

Seeing a naturopath over a mainstream physician is important. As mainstream medicine normalizes many health issues and usually fails to grasp chronic conditions; it usually misses important clues regarding not-so-apparent problems and is prone to declare that you "are fine" and "probably need to see a psychiatrist". That is a way of saying that they have no clue.

The human body is a whole and usually the words of a therapist, or the weird drugs of a psychiatrist fall short on restoring your sanity, according to my experience. Please be very skeptic of the professionals who fail to exhibit a broad knowledge on the human nature/body and the ones who strongly promote a single "magic" method of healing, such as a single drug/herb, or bare conversations, however "empowering", "motivational" or "insightful" they may be.

Let me repeat: Check the hardware first for failures.

If all seems to be fine, and you are fit; you probably need to quit your job/partner/town and seek new company/activities.

I was with United Healthcare at the time. Now I'm on Kaiser but have the same guy. I went onto their website and used their doctor search tool. Looked for a therapist that was close to where I lived. Saw that they probably fit the bill reasonably well.

I called the phone number listed then scheduled a phone appointment to be done with the therapist. The day came, they asked me what I wanted to see them about and I explained. They said, "Alright, we can schedule a first appointment and go from there." Scheduled it - met them. During that process he explained pretty clearly what he expects out of patients and what he will take on. I went through my little story of life and he's like, "Alright, time is about up. Do you want to continue doing this?" I said yes and saw the guy on a regular basis.

It took many days and calls until a representative told me that the directory is outdated and that I needed to confirm with each doctor/practice as to whether they still take UHC.

Yes, this process is terrible if you are sick and in need of treatment.

It's one of the more frustrating bits of the getting better process.

When you want to become good at anything, one teacher is never enough. Heck, depending solely in the teachers will not get you where you want to be, the most effort will be on your part. Learn, practice, feedback, etc, repeat.

Similarly, one mental health professional, will not be enough. Heck, trust the wrong one, and you could end up worse.

Try different options so that you start to understand the process. Learn as much as you can from reliable sources. Understand that they are just humans. Help them.

Let’s say that you have the economic resources to pay for various cessions a month or a week. Even that, is not enough for the professional to really understand you. That would not be humanly possible.

Learn. Read. Understand. Discover. Use the tool(the professional), don’t let the tool use you.

What you might actually need is a proper vacation. If your savings allow it, take some time off - like a month or two, or three, or more. Travel somewhere. Meet people as you do.

Also chew a bit on your life priorities. Do you want to stick to participating in the glorified rat race you've been a part of to date, or is there anything else in life (building a family? non-profit work? etc.) you'd rather prioritize?

If you're still not re-energized upon returning from your time off, then seek professional help.

Also be aware that IMO some counsellors/therapists are actually bad at their job.... if you get the feeling that something really does not make sense to you, then stop going to them and find someone else.

I've tried many and found a few really good ones and definitely some really bad ones.

It's also true that some were good for a long while but then at some point things changed and they no longer were effective for me, so things can change over time.

Set up a meeting with each. Explain your problem, discuss what option you have.

After the last meeting, review which one gave you the best feeling (assuming more practical consideration - like the fees - are comparable) and pick him/her.

I think there are a lot of not very good mental health professionals out there and even among the good ones a lot of them won't be a fit for your personality.

Ask your health insurance company for a list of covered providers.

Seek a referral or recommendation from your primary care provider.

Ask trusted friends or family.

Contact a local or national mental health organization by phone or on the internet,

This was going to be my advice. There's probably a directory on the website, for instance: https://www.aetna.com/dsepublic

Call a few of them, see if their specialties match your needs, ask if/when they have appointments available.

I wish I could find a psychiatrist who also does psychotherapy. Psychiatrists are focused on drug maintenance. Finding a good therapist is difficult, and I've almost given up.

I'm moving to a new area, so I will probably start the search over again. I wish I could offer more advice, but I think it comes down to just trying out a few therapists. And make sure they actually listen to you.

First: if you pick wrong, you haven’t lost much beyond a little time (less than you spent depressed) and a few copays. Set an appointment TODAY, and if it doesn’t work out, pick a different one.

Second, when picking: lots of therapists have a website where they write something about how they approach things. If it sounds plausible, make the appointment. You will know after the first session whether you should book a second one.

- get a diagnosed by a professional if you perceive a problem.

- don't self diagnose. try to make a distinction between facts and opinions as much as possible.

- follow treatments responsibly.

- if the treatment is risky (e.g.: high cost, side effects...), get a second opinion first, unless it is urgent.

I'm not being facetious. I don't have the indecision paralysis you do because I'm removed from the situation. So, give me a radius and a budget and let me help.

Not a scaleable solution, but hey. PM me. And if not (it may well be a terrible idea), good luck.

Edit: lol. No PM on HN. My email address is in my profile. :-)

Don't overthink too much, a therapist is not a friend, your problem is not strange for them, they deal all the time with people suffering the same problems you are experiencing.

Good luck.

Are you open to medication, or is that something you're trying to keep off the table? If the former, you might want to limit your search to psychiatrists.

There are also the psychiatric equivalent of nurse-practitioners (PMHNPs, I think), who can monitor and alter prescriptions in concert with your GP.

If you go with a psychiatrist or MHNP, you'll probably want to find one that does counseling as well as diagnosis and prescription, which might dramatically shrink the field.

In the alternative, you can meet with a reputable psychiatrist (part of a large practice, or with a degree from a good school) and then get a referral to a counselor.

As counselors go, whether they're the same as your prescribing psych or someone you're referred to, there are a couple big factors you'll want to consider:

* Do they focus on the problem you're actually having (depression and anxiety, it sounds like?) or do they focus primarily on substance abuse or trauma or relationships?

* Do they have a specific therapeutic modality they pursue? Are they a CBT practitioner (behaviorist) or DBT or psychodynamic (PD)? It might be less important which of these things they are and more important that they coherently articulate what they do. (As an HN reader, you might be interested in counselors who do CBT, since CBT is the branch of psychological therapy that seems most evidence-based, but that's probably mostly about your comfort level). Also be aware that treatment modality includes things like "do they do group sessions", which might not be something you're in to.

* Dumb basic stuff like, do you want to talk to someone older or younger, male or female? Are they nearby? Who's got an appointment open convenient for you? You're allowed to maximize your comfort level here.

The most important thing here is, you can meet with a therapist and then make the call about whether you like them. You don't have to get it right the first time.

If you're feeling severely depressed, a reasonable plan might be to find a psychiatrist, get a consult, and then ask them for referrals to counselors. A lot of psychiatrists seem to focus on diagnosis and prescription (which makes sense; they're doctors; your GP doesn't talk to you for an hour about the strep throat they've determined you have), but you don't have to take a prescription to get value out of the consult and some decent referrals.

You can do this the other way around, meeting a therapist and then deciding whether to escalate to a psychiatrist. But if you're paralyzed by options, there are fewer "kinds" of psychiatrists than there are therapists!

Hope that's helpful. Other people here will have better answers, I'm sure.

I was fortunate enough to get a pretty awesome doctor when I did it, but I seriously cannot recommend DoD enough.

Afterward, it also automatically submitted my insurance claim for me, so I didn't have to do all that paperwork, which I probably would have given up on anyway.

Unfortunately, it looks like it only works for NYC.

This is a difficult issue, for a few reasons. The stigma surrounding mental health means no-one (to a first order approximation) goes around raving about the really great therapist they found. This has a couple of consequences.

First, therapists don't specialise. They need to get clients, so they list themselves as being able to treat every mental health condition on the professional registers. Hence, look for people who publish.

Second, it's not hard for a mediocre-to-bad therapist to keep going and earn a living. There are no reputational consequences. Even the best therapists wont' succeed all the time, some people would recovered anyway, so it's easy for them to kid themselves that they are better than they are.

The other problem with mental health is that the incentives are backwards. Mental health professionals are paid by the hour, whether they help or not, and don't have any incentive to think about whether you would be better off trying someone else after all this time. And if you are depressed it's hard to get up the will to think about changing your therapist, so it's easy to let things drag on in the hope that they eventually work, wasting huge amounts of money and time. Hence, set a date at which, come what may, you will either stop or try a different one. Sooner than they want.

For example, calling the Jungian Institute in NYC and describing your financial position can place you in quick touch with therapists who operate on a sliding scale.

I run this wiki, and I'm proud it's a useful resource on this topic.

www.trysophia.com matches you with a mental health therapist who's well-fit for your needs (only in Boston, for now).

We're focused on in-person talk therapy that 'clicks'. Eager to hear any feedback!

You can use the search tool without being a member or qualifying for the reduced rate sessions. Really useful for those in the U.S.

It may take you awhile until you find the right one but it's absolutely worth the time.

Stay strong.

The way I've typically narrowed my options down is search for therapist either through insurance or through location (google maps).

Therapists often work in environments with other therapists, so I try to find those places, as they typically will have a variety of therapists to either ask about through the phone (giving your background information, what issues you are struggling with, what you are looking to resolve), or they will have a website that details each counselor's specializations and experience.

When you call one of these places, they typically have a helpful receptionist that will ask you background questions about yourself, and of whom you can ask questions towards about the practice, the practice's goals and philosophy, and the counselors that work there.

This process, I find, is the fastest and most comfortable (safest) way of finding a therapist. You don't want to hold off finding a counselor until the only options left are those 'no-choice' type options, because in my experience those places are bottom of the barrel in terms of how helpful they can be for someone that isn't dealing with issues that are truly tremendous issues to deal with.

I would advise taking one day to search through your insurance provider. Another possibly to print out a list of counselors within some radius of your location you are comfortable traveling to. Don't feel like you have to do all of this in one day.

Mark down which places 'sound' the best to you, whether it's a good location or the practice sounds professional. I understand how overwhelmed one can be with not having all the information you need to have to find a counselor before you have it, but following advice that sounds like common sense to you can be helpful. I know I have travel issues, so location and ease of travel has been a key thing for me in the past to find a counselor - I want to make sure I'm not going to get lost on the way there.

Once you have your choices narrowed down to about 5 or 10, start looking for websites for the locations individually. If the backgrounds of the counselors are listed, take note of the ones that make the most sense to you. Call those places, maybe only make one phone call a day or every other day.

Don't feel pressured into signing up for anything if it doesn't sound right to you. It's common when booking a first appointment to have to use a credit card, as many places will charge you if you cancel before some predefined amount of time (typically 24-48 hours).

Take it step by step. Just do a little at a time. If you feel overwhelmed, take a break, and come back to it when you feel ready to approach the next step.

1. Asked for a recommendation from a GP (not my usual). Got emailed a big list of offices that I never called.

2. Wait three years.

3. Looked up therapists on my insurance provider's portal and psychologytoday.com. You can filter by zip code.

4. Blast out a copy-pasted message to dozens of therapists I found on those sites.

5. Got a few responses back.

6. Winnow out those who aren't actually nearby. Some therapists practice out of multiple locations, so their availability didn't always work.

7. Made an appointment.

8. I got lucky, the first guy I went to I felt comfortable with.

9. It's starting to help, things are getting better.

10. After a few sessions, he recommends I get evaluated by a psychiatrist. He's a therapist, and can't do "official" diagnosis/prescription.

11. Go back to step 3, but I also went to my actual GP and finally got a referral.

12. Got to psych appointment, get evaluated.

13. She sends me off to get some medical tests before prescribing.

14. New appointment for tests. Lucky, I can do them all at once!

15. I'm currently waiting on results.

16. Next step is follow up appointment with psych and hopefully a prescription. I'm going to continue to see my therapist since we have good report.

I know this looks like an impossibly involved process. Sometime weeks would go by between steps. I won't lie, it can be a dispiriting pain to go through. It's a sick irony that the very thing you're trying to get help with also keeps you from getting help.

We're programmers, we're used to breaking problems down into discrete, manageable steps. But when I did it here, it felt BIGGER and less manageable. such BS.

Once you get started, staying patient and hopeful is the hard part. I don't know your specifics, but here's what worked for me to get through:

* I started really paying attention to my mind and body.

* On the mind front, that was mostly giving myself time to think and just be in whatever I was feeling, good or bad. I'd gotten into the habit of always having a podcast on, and that meant I stopped really processing my thoughts. Now, I'm trying (emphasis on trying) to see menial tasks as a thing to do in and of themselves (cooking, cleaning, driving). That gives my mind unstructured time to breathe. If I listen to a podcast, that's and INTENTIONAL activity, where I want to listen, rather than want a distraction.

* On the body front, that meant making an effort to feel like I'm taking care of myself. Shave regularly instead of always having an almost-beard, starting a skin care routine for my face (I tried these snail goo eye patches that are cool, plus you can just throw them on and watch tv but you're still "doing" something). Brushing my teeth everyday. (I work from home, so hygiene is the first to go when you're feeling the way I felt/feel).

* Some people recommend a journal, but I always just felt guilty for not keeping up on it. If you do this, START SMALL! NO BULLET JOURNALS! you will get overwhelmed.

Some of this may help, much of my advice is specific to me. The important thing it to pick something small and try (TRY, you won't do 100% of the time) to do it. Then, build on it once you fell like you've got a habit, where it doesn't feel like a chore.

EDIT: This interview between Ezra Klein and Johann Hari is about modern depression, and I heard it at the exact right time: https://art19.com/shows/the-ezra-klein-show/episodes/805c9dc...

I've been thinking for a while now that we need people you go to help you find a proper therapist. Like a consultant/dispatcher/human load-balancer/Mental Health GP. Medical GP's have no idea what they're talking about in this department (save some outliers) and would probably admit to that if pressed.

The approaches as they stand now aren't ideal, so I feel your frustration:

1) Pick one that accepts your insurance located near you: Those lists that the insurance companies publish aren't up to date and Psychology Today is also dicey. And you're right, they all start to look the same (they are most definitely NOT in reality). Many mislead by saying they accept insurance but really mean out-of-network benefits, which typically aren't great especially if you're not working for a mega-corp. There's also a sizable body of therapists who will charge high rates (not in proportion to quality) because some rich clients won't care. It's a bit dirty to me, but a lot of the time they'll reduce their rate very quickly and dramatically once they know you're not rolling in hereditary wealth. For example, I've seen $350/hr off the bat reduced to $100/hr with one simple statement of "that's outside my budget".

2) Pick by approach: In theory is a good way to start, because some modalities probably aren't a good fit for certain classes of problems and personalities. However, it's a tough balancing act. A therapist who is too focused on one modality is probably a bit inexperienced, because they're in everything needs a hammer mode. However, listing too many modalities sometimes indicates a lack of rigor, focus, point of view.

3) Sites like Therapick are great in theory in that you get a video introduction to assess someone who might be a good fit. However, they tend to attract less experienced therapists (who could be good!) who are trying to build up their client-base. Just like rent-stabilized apartments in New York City, you're less likely to see the most experienced and popular therapists doing active recruitment like this because they're snatched up quickly and don't need to spend the time and effort.

4) I would highly discourage any of those phone/texting therapy services. Who knows, they may work for some, but they don't strike me as plausible solutions for most, if not all, people. If it's money that's a concern you're trying to solve for (which it usually is to some degree), there are other approaches to solving that. If time and convenience is a concern, you really need to get reevaluate what you think therapy is. To me, these services are bandaids, which I suppose have their utility.

5) Recommendation through another therapist: This can work, but you should be aware that therapists form milieus — talented ones tend to hang out and consult with talented ones, and vice versa. So if you have a bad therapist, it's likely their reference is as well. My personal, albeit possibly offensive, theory is that there's small pool of truly gifted therapists (less than 20%). I subscribe less to the notion that there's a perfect match therapist for everyone and that it's just a matter or style and personality.

On top of all this is what I called the Fundamental Therapy Problem in that it's quite possible you shouldn't be the one deciding what style would be best for your long-term interests. Don't think too hard about this one, because it'll drive you nuts :) But it helps to try to assess based on gut feelings of feeling secure and feeling challenged, rather than a heady, logical assessment.

At the end of the day, it's common knowledge (and backed by some studies) that it's really about the relationship between the people. If you feel intimidated, baffled, weirded out, or annoyed consistently — or if you don't truly respect your therapist — it simply won't work. Don't waste your time hoping to get used to it, it won't get better.

In your situation, I'd recommend a strategy of finding a good-enough therapist to start. But there'll be a point where it'd really help to find an excellent one. That will be easier once you've leveled out a bit.

In conclusion, references are the best from friends you trust (hard to get sometimes because of privacy concerns), and then a scattershot (guess and check) approach. Expect it to be a bit of an expenditure when you're interviewing around at the beginning. But have faith, things can get better rather quickly once you have a decent therapist situation established.

A quick answer: First, expect to shop around; odds are against the first one being a good fit, but be patient - a good fit is out there. Ask the HR departments at your employer or at large companies; tell them your difficulty in finding a therapist and I'd expect they would be happy to help - it's free and easy for them. Their referrals may charge high rates but hopefully they've been vetted by the feedback of numerous employees (though of course those therapists might also serve HR priorities - HR may prefer one visit for medications to a year of talk therapy).

Longer answer:

I looked into it, doing research and talking to numerous therapists. Here's what I understand:

* It's the singer not the song. A widely accepted belief (I don't know how widely, but more than one professional confirmed it and I've seen research[0]) is that success depends much more on the therapist than on their technique. Also, good therapists have a variety of tools that they adapt to you. IMHO if they are selling their technique ('as seen in my seminar / published in my book!'), that's a bad sign.

* Rapport between you and the therapist is most important. If it's not there, move on. You need to feel comfortable and trust them enough that you can be completely open, even about the things you don't admit to yourself, and to not feel threatened when they say things that hit a nerve.

* Characteristics of a good therapist (leading to good rapport): 1) Empathy, 2) Positive regard (toward you), and 3) Congruence (the therapist's congruence with their own emotions)

* Characteristics of a successful patient: 1) Feel safe with the therapist; 2) Trust the therapist; 3) Ready for real change.

* Find someone with experience treating your problems. As you don't have a diagnosis, that can be tricky, but a trial session with a few therapists can give you direction.

Finally, I found this to be very helpful and showed it to a professional who said it was valid:

https://web.archive.org/web/20161102164453/http://thomastber...

Good luck! I hope that's helpful.

[0] Some research is discussed here in the article linked above.

1) There is no magic formula. Most schools of therapy believe a sincere relationship between patient and therapist has to develop for it it work great. Therapist casting is a great suggestion, and as someone else said, if the therapist isn't comfortable with that, maybe he isn't the right fit.

2) I have studied and trained in different schools of therapy, mostly because I noticed quickly, how certain schools work better for some patients as well as for some therapists. Many times we are limited to what we are introduced to in school, masters or therapy school. It's like working with different programming paradigms, some people view of the world or way of thinking work better for some paradigms that others. We can all adapt, and learn how to work in a particular frame of mind.

Certain people fit better into a therapy style/school/paradigm. Certain pathologies, illnesses, problems get better results with certain techniques.

I would recommend, also asking the therapists what school / type of therapy they work with, and how would they approach your case.

The first thing I always do before recommending a therapist is get to to know the person asking a little better, then about their problem and expectations. This helps to shrink the list of possible therapists.

3) Ask the therapists if they supervise their cases and if they have gone to therapy themselves.

This is vital. The good therapists know our mind and emotions are our tools of the trade. We have to able to differentiate if what we are feeling/thinking in therapy is a miss interpretation we might be having because of our own issues, or if it is a correct interpretation of what is happening to our patient.

The only way to achieve this, is with our own therapy and continuous supervision. Therapy allows us to work on our own issues, be aware of them and recognise them when they pop up.

Supervision allows us to have other experts help in noticing our blind spots when working with each case.

A therapist that doesn't supervise, will get stuck in some therapy patterns and have a harder time noticing your particularities.

A therapist that hasn't been to therapy, might be to blind to many things, feels above their patients and won't really connect with you.

Most good therapists I know have been to at least 2 different therapy processes along the years (lasting several years each).

4) We always recommend the therapist as a person. I don't just recommend people from a technical/training perspective, I recommend the person, because in the end, a therapists - patient relationship is that, a relationship between two people. The therapist values, perspective on life, and life experience, will pour into the therapy, no matter how much supervision and therapy we get.

I hope this helps.

I won't claim this to be a recommended way, it's only what has worked for me. I first sought therapy through the system (well, the NHS because I was in the UK...'the system' sounds ominous), but grew to feel that they weren't equipped to address my particular needs. It was useful but professionals working within these institutions often lack the flexibility to explore alternative processes.

Since that time (around 9 years ago) I switched to seeking recommendations for local psychotherapists; professionals who were qualified to work on the level of meditation, somatic healing, and other things you're not likely to get from a GP appointed therapist or counsellor. Most cities will have directories for such therapists and, as is normal, you'll get the chance to have an initial consultation call to understand whether that's actually the right approach for you. A responsible practitioner will say no if they don't think it will work, and may well offer recommendations for something more suitable.

It might be that you do a few sessions and realise that you need to touch on something else, and maybe you need someone else for it. Or you don't feel a rapport so you're not making progress. This is all fine, it's important that you allow for some trial and error so that you can establish a relationship that supports you and works for you.

The most important thing is to use this initial spurt of courage to reach out to someone and get the ball rolling, even if you don't commit to them. It's so easy to overthink it and take a perfectionist approach, where you have to intuitively know that you either need a life coach or a psychiatrist or someone else, and eventually the inertia will itself become a blockage and a contributor to your burning out. It is overwhelming, I know, because you don't know who you can trust.

On that level, what I would suggest is to reflect on your circumstances. A therapist (of any kind) is going to be with you to explore your past and work through issues there. A life coach is going to be with you to explore your future.

After all of that, if you have a close friend or a partner you can trust implicitly, try reaching out to them by asking if they'll hear you out. The idea here isn't to let them shoulder your burden, it will just push them away. Instead, it's to know that you've got someone who wants to be there for you, and is happy for you to open up to them, while allowing yourself to reciprocate should they need a confidante in you. This can work wonders while also using therapy to work through what you're going through.

I don't know how any of this applies to going through insurance, and it doesn't offer any concrete answers, but unfortunately we're not dealing with taking a broken leg to the nearest hospital.

And to re-iterate some other points: don't commit yourself to the idea that therapy will 'fix' you or you'll get some immediate result. It might be that you need something else and you're not quite aware of it yet. To that extent, I wouldn't recommend jumping onto the spiritual path with meditation and all of that unless you feel your own calling to it and are confident in yourself about what you're opening up to. There are plenty of snake-oil salesmen out there who will take advantage of your current vulnerability and try to rope you into something that will do a great deal of damage over time.

This is a far cry away from seeking a professional's opinion in good faith. Telling people to avoid help citing Rosenhan is extremely irresponsible.

There is more recent study done in 2007 with the same results but I can't find it right now.

This is the 1967 one. Antipychotics really haven't changed as much as most people suggest.

This NIMH study looked at one-year outcomes for 299 patients who had been treated either with neuroleptics or placebo upon their admission to a hospital, and was the first long-term study conducted by the NIMH. The researchers found that "patients who received placebo treatment in the drug study were less likely to be rehospitalized than those who received any of the three active phenothiazines (thioridazine (Mellaril), fluphenazine (Prolixin), chlorpromazine (Thorazine)." However, in spite of this finding, which the researchers wrote "was so unexpected," the NIMH investigators stated that they "were unprepared to recommend placebo as treatment of choice." In other words, the NIMH researchers decided they wouldn't develop treatment guidelines based on their own research, which found that placebo patients did better than the drug-treated patients. SEE PAGE 991.

http://psychrights.org/research/digest/chronicity/comunityad...

My advice: Avoid that route like a plague.

The short story is: Their incentive is the complete opposite of yours. They make money from your misery, and continued depression. They are not incentivized to make you better as that will mean less money for them.

Lots of psychiatrists make money from big pharma sponsoring. Their job is to prescribe as many medicines as possible. It is a hell-circle then. The meds keep you in a "cool" state but not productive/social. After a while your consciousness start to realize how bad your situation actually is. The doctors remedy to that is to give you more medicines and stronger doses.

How I did it? You are the best person to cure yourself. Once you are very close to suicide, you realize that nothing matters. So be courageous to make life changing decisions. It'd help if you have the cash to finance such decisions.

Good luck. If you are done and in doubt, take a plane ticket to a 15h far country.

You're right that there are some incentives for therapists (or "fake therapists") not to help you, or at least not to help you enough. In fact, there's a big market of scams in this area. But a big part of the market is not there to scam you, either because of morals / good faith, or because of counterincentives (rating systems, social proof, building trust with the patients, recommendations, competition, etc.). You could also argue that many other businesses such as language schools have incentives to keep you around forever, and certainly many lengthen the process, but the system mostly works.

Almost the same can be said from psychiatrists: They certainly have some incentives for keeping you around forever or scamming you, but they also have the same counter-incentives. For example, psych meds are also widely prescribed in countries where healthcare is not as much money-based as in the US.

And additionally, there's ample easily-accessible scientific literature on antidepressants online done by both sponsored and non-sponsored scientists. SSRIs suck, and for a lot of people they do nothing useful or are even counterproductive, but there's actually nothing that is qualitatively better than SSRIs for most depressed/anxious people.

Finally, recommending inaction until you reach rock bottom (where there will supposedly be a surge in motivation that will make you fix your life) is very reckless advice. First, because at rock bottom a lot of people will be more motivated to suicide rather than take productive steps. Second, because many people will not actually reach rock bottom, but rather stay in sustainable misery indefinitely. Third, because while depression/anxiety have many environmental factors, they are not solely environmental, so for a lot of people even completely replacing the environment will not help much. Case in point: I went from living with my parents, to living on my own on a city 1h away and earning a living by myself. It certainly helped with life skills and confidence, but the core mental problem was still here.