This suggests that you're not an expert. Therefore, it is wise to just stick to what the experts write, in articles such as this. That's what I do. Cryptography is a very complex subject; non-experts who give advice without knowing exactly why they are saying what they're saying are contributing to the problem, so please avoid doing that.
Nota bene: I‘m not an expert, just quoting them. :-)
I used to be very confused, too, and after learning something about it, I wrote that page. Almost didn‘t finish and publish it when tptacek put his page up, but by that time I had already invested most of the effort, and I wanted to be less terse.
True, maybe I should have added ...and non-experts who try to faithfully summarize them for us mere mortals.
Edit: actually, I think I would recommend everyone interested in this subject to read at least a few texts by actual experts (professors in cryptography and people who work for high-stakes security businesses), to get a taste of what it's all about.
This suggests that you're not an expert. Therefore, it is wise to just stick to what the experts write, in articles such as this. That's what I do. Cryptography is a very complex subject; non-experts who give advice without knowing exactly why they are saying what they're saying are contributing to the problem, so please avoid doing that.