rqlite[1] author here. To be clear rqlite is using SQLite in a completely conventional manner. Nothing about the distributed nature of rqlite impacts on SQLite, since each rqlite node runs its own complete copy of SQLite.

This bug can affect anybody using an in-memory version of a SQLite database. That was the point of writing the C unit test.

[1] https://github.com/rqlite/rqlite