DC Rainmaker's review of the GoPro Hero 12 had a section on overheating. Overheating typically occurs when there no airflow around the camera. For the Hero 12, GoPro removed the GPS chip, which has reduced the amount of overheating - recording time more than doubled compared to the Hero 11.
One Insta360 Ace Pro review on YouTube compared the Ace Pro and GoPro Hero 12 and the Ace Pro kept going for at least 1h15mins while the Hero 12 shutdown after less than 30mins.